Independence Days in Latin America

The Holocaust Of Schindler And Francisca Nee Luser

Oskar Schindler saved thousands of Jewish people from the horrible tragedy that was the Holocaust. Some would say, at one point in Schindler s life, he was an aryan man with no financial problems whatsoever. Schindler was truly a brave man that sacrificed his life for many others. Schindler simply saved others out of the goodness from his heart. â€Å"Oskar Schindler (1908-1974) was born on April 28, 1908, in Svitavy (Zwittau), Moravia, at that time a province of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy† (Holocaust Encyclopedia). â€Å"Schindler grew up with all the privileges money could buy. He was born Catholic†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Jewish Virtual Library). â€Å"Oscar’s parents Johann Schindler and Francisca nee Luser were both Germans from Silesia, who had settled in Svitavy,†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"He married Emilie Schindler at nineteen, but was never without a mistress or two. Hard drinking and feckless, he had the soul of a gambler, winning big and losing bigger . He had presided over the demise of his family business and become a salesman when opportunity came knocking in the guise of the war† (Jewish Virtual Library). Oskar Schindler had an education, money, a wife, and many different jobs. Some would say he had a good life. Schindler was a businessman that was set on making a great deal of money. He had many connections and an abundance of friends in the illicit business. â€Å"Never one to miss a chance to make money, he marched into Poland on the heels of the SS. He dived headfirst into the black-market and the underworld and soon made friends with the local Gestapo bigwigs, softening them up with women, money and illicit booze. His newfound connections helped him acquire a factory which he ran with the cheapest labor around: Jewish† (Jewish Virtual Library). â€Å"At first he seemed like every other usurping German industrialist, driven by profit and unmoved by the means of his profiteering. But somewhere along the line, something changed.† â€Å"In February 1939, five months after the German annexation of the Sudetenland, he joined the Nazi Party† (Holocaust Encyclopedia). â€Å"In December 1939, as occupied Poland was being torn apart by the savagery of the Holocaust, Schindler took his first faltering steps from

Information Technology In The Business Environment

Question: Write an essay on information technology in the business environment. Answer: Introduction: Information technology or IT refers to the application of systems for storage, retrieval and transmission and manipulation of data. It is considered as a division of information and communication technology. Technology encompasses an array of tools and elements that organizations may implement in their ranks to guide the unit through start-ups and different growth stages. IT essentially covers a set of processes, tools, the likes of programming, coding, data conversion, and analysis and systems control (Adler-Milstein et al. 2013). In broader terms, IT includes the facets of multimedia, telecommunications, and automation procedures. The various aspects of organizations, the likes of operations, communications and other essentials have experienced a revolution in a range of industry and businesses. The role of information technology has its pervading effect across various domains and verticals of the business environment. The following account details over how IT may be applicable in the healthcare industry and endow the business with the advantageous position which beings efficacy and effectiveness in the overall business operations. Detailed analysis: Need of IT in business: Information Technology is the buzzword in any business domain of varying degrees, and healthcare industry is no exception to this conjecture. The merger or alignment of technology with that of medical trade is responsible for the improvement of medical practices and saving lives across the world. Information technology enables the healthcare industry to function thereby playing a central role in sustaining health. The areas like biotechnology, development of medical devices and others have made more significant contributions to improvement of the health of users all around the world (Stevens and Rancourt 2014). The range of Information Technology applications in the form of adhesive bandages and ankle equipment to more complex machinery and tools, mainly artificial organs, MRI machines and prosthetic limbs have made an immense impact in the industry. Furthermore, the dependence of medical technology in the sphere cannot be overstated. The factual reality is due to the enormous develo pment of such brilliant innovations, the healthcare practitioners and users are empowered with ways for improving the practice regarding surgical procedures, better diagnosis and improved patient care. Baring that, information technology has caused improvement in telecommunication which connects patients with doctors being based miles apart. The physicians now have access to IT more than earlier period which has augmented overall healthcare improvement across the globe (Ancker et al. 2013). Importance of IT for business survival: IT has crucial importance across various domains and business industries. The following segment entails over the importance of IT in healthcare industry along with a utility that it exerts in the same environment. As a matter of fact, improvements in information technology have permitted huge reforms to have taken place in healthcare. Nowadays most medical offices may send and receive digital medical information from the doctors and transmit the same to patients and customers (Skillman et al. 2015). The company is structured by IT-enabled medical practices with the main unit located in Sydney. Here, it is noteworthy that security improvements with information technology have made it so that the medical information is secure irrespective of what is being transmitted. It is nowadays even possible to send the prescriptions in a digital mode to regional medical unite and offices. In keeping with the changing amount of paperwork requirement at medical organizations, information technology has also helped in updating of technology using which the doctor may perform the treatment. As far as Sonic Healthcare is concerned, the firm operates through a dedicated central laboratory which provides comprehensive clinical trials which further supports biotechnological industries. The instruments and methods validate that the firm is in conformity to industry requirements and electronic systems, and others maintain compliance with GCP, TGA and other medical parameters (Sheikh et al. 2015). Application of IT to business: Information Technology has undergone sea-change concerning healthcare industry. Improvement of quality of life assumes great importance in this regard. Medical technologies, the likes of, monitoring systems, advanced surgeries, and scanning equipment are allowing consumers rather patients to have lesser recovery time post operations and surgeries. Information and exchange of information are imperative concerning the delivery of care on various levels of healthcare delivery systems. With the emergence of new model healthcare equipment and apparatus, it is extremely important that organizations implement IT standards in its ranks. Data interchange formats are being utilized in this regard (Foshay and Kuziemsky 2014). This refers to standard formats for the purpose of electronically encoding of data elements. On the other hand, knowledge representation refers to standard methods that electronically represent medical literature. IT aids in the installation of modern facilities in healthc are units, the likes of, scanning machines, X-ray apparatus, EHRs and CPOE systems. The HER systems have been implemented by Sonic Healthcare although various companies have yet to make progress in this area. The ECG machines, Blood Pressure monitors, spirometry and nebulizers, examination lamps, vaccine fridge, vacuum autoclaves, to name a few directly comes under the purview of information technology. Furthermore, SAP or System Application Product is an indispensable tool which helps in collection and management of data and plethora of information in various medical units which aids in supply chain management of the industry. Furthermore, IT servers are being used for installation of the abovementioned equipment and tools. Clinical information systems provide a mechanism for sharing data collected from various sources, for instance, EHRs in care settings that may include personal health record systems maintained by patients or their representatives (Jones et al. 2015). Data become available to clinical information systems via direct entry at the point of care, off-line entry through abstraction from other media, such as handwritten notes, and data collected by other systems, such as laboratory systems or monitoring devices. The data can take many forms, including free text, coded data, speech, document imaging, clinical imaging x-rays, and video. The four core components of clinical information systems are described in EHRs, CPOE systems, digital sources of medical evidence and decision-support tools. These descriptions are followed by a discussion of human/ information systems interface design and software dependability issues (Page 2013). Usage of IT in business: Information technology has immense implication concerning business and health care industry is no exception. It is imperative to learn the utility of IT concerning internal and external environment of the business. The internal framework encompasses the likes of staff, employees, and other relevant resources. The healthcare facilities and management have come up with innovative practices for executing the operations in the light of IT application. These organizations have initiated the usage of tablets for monitoring of patients data, inventory updates, communications as well as various notifications for performing duties and responsibilities (Lin et al. 2012). The staff data is being maintained by the means of data base management systems or DBMS in the sector. Here, it is noteworthy to mention that tablets are used for patient checkups in both outpatient and inpatient wards which authorize prescriptions, alongside transmission of records and patient data in the multimedia format an d usage of instant live representation of conferencing along with interaction features for enhancement of collaboration. This particular model is being adopted across the domain by a range of healthcare providers along Australia, in particular, Sonic Healthcare. The competent inventory management which caters to supplier and consumers mainly patients in this regard (Leventhal et al. 2015). Advantages and benefits of IT: Technology is a broad concept which has made breakthroughs that agree with a better solution. While the most obvious advantage of technology in businesses across the globe, which aims for an increase of productivity the same translates in a reduction of cost of operations and other benefits that help in sharing and storage of information and negation of erroneous practices by an increase in revenue, by and large (Furukawa et al. 2014). In the case of healthcare domain, technology allows data, be it in written form and televised may be transmitted to the patients' database. The technology eliminates the need for maintenance of bulk of paper work and replaces with virtual data warehouses which may be accessed in no time. The likes of E-learning and other forms of online training have facilitated the healthcare organization, like Sonic Healthcare to cut down the cost of recruitments and induces flexibility in the ranks of the company. In the present circumstances, information technology has aided information sharing to develop at an efficient rate. This not only saves time but also offers the capability of decision-making at a brisk rate (Marcotte et al. 2012). Risks and threats: Although IT continuously operates in making things more secure, the same suffers from the lack of privacy in operations. Here, confidentiality may be compromised if the company fails to stay vigilant of the proceedings. The increase of mobile devices, virtualization software, social media and consumerization of IT are considered to be top risks and threats that healthcare industry is vulnerable to. As far as security is concerned, the healthcare industry, in this case, patients and valuable data and information may pose to be probable threats due to internal technical snags, which in turn may be accessible to external outfits thereby breaching the security. This, in turn, causes risks in confidentiality and privacy, by and large. Moreover, IT enabled systems may cause threats in the exposure of hospital and patients information which comes under the threat of manipulation and exploitation (Lee et al. 2013). Maintenance and monitoring of IT: The regularity of monitoring is dependent on the environment of the company and the milieu in which it is operating. The organizations that experience swift change from internal or external affairs may monitor the execution of the arrangement on a regular basis. Monitoring and evaluation of business practice in IT parlance, which is as important to that of identification of strategic goals and organizational objectives. Healthcare industries, in particular, should be well abreast and conversant of IT protocols in place which the business subscribes to. 24/7 monitoring of exorbitant and critical medical equipment by competent practitioners should be executed in keeping with back-up monitoring of data. IT security on wireless networks must be ensured by Sonic Healthcare so that the medical equipment are inaccessible to the external environment (Murdoch and Detsky 2013). Conclusion: The overall analysis depicts various nuances of information technology and its application in healthcare business environment. The discourse above portrays over how IT may be applied in business perspectives. IT in modernity is indispensable to all business environments. With the emergence of state-of-the-art healthcare facilities, and combined with information technology, it becomes even more essential for a robust security arrangement to be in place for maintenance and monitoring of data and information. The company selected in this regard is Sonic Healthcare, which boasts of effective business operations in Australia. Hence, it may be deduced that information technology is indispensable and must be supervised diligently for usage of data in best possible manner. References: Adler-Milstein, J., Bates, D.W. and Jha, A.K., 2013. Operational health information exchanges show substantial growth, but long-term funding remains a concern. Health Affairs, 32(8), pp.1486-1492. Ancker, J.S., Silver, M., Miller, M.C. and Kaushal, R., 2013. Consumer experience with and attitudes toward health information technology: a nationwide survey. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association, 20(1), pp.152-156. Foshay, N. and Kuziemsky, C., 2014. Towards an implementation framework for business intelligence in healthcare. International Journal of Information Management, 34(1), pp.20-27. Furukawa, M.F., King, J., Patel, V., Hsiao, C.J., Adler-Milstein, J. and Jha, A.K., 2014. Despite substantial progress in EHR adoption, health information exchange and patient engagement remain low in office settings. Health Affairs, pp.10-1377. Jones, C.D., Vu, M.B., ODonnell, C.M., Anderson, M.E., Patel, S., Wald, H.L., Coleman, E.A. and DeWalt, D.A., 2015. A failure to communicate: a qualitative exploration of care coordination between hospitalists and primary care providers around patient hospitalizations. Journal of general internal medicine, 30(4), pp.417-424. Lee, J., McCullough, J.S. and Town, R.J., 2013. The impact of health information technology on hospital productivity. The RAND Journal of Economics, 44(3), pp.545-568. Leventhal, J.C., Cummins, J.A., Schwartz, P.H., Martin, D.K. and Tierney, W.M., 2015. Designing a system for patients controlling providers access to their electronic health records: organizational and technical challenges. Journal of general internal medicine, 30(1), pp.17-24. Lin, C., Lin, I.C. and Roan, J., 2012. Barriers to physicians adoption of healthcare information technology: an empirical Study on multiple hospitals. Journal of medical systems, 36(3), pp.1965-1977. Marcotte, L., Seidman, J., Trudel, K., Berwick, D.M., Blumenthal, D., Mostashari, F. and Jain, S.H., 2012. Achieving meaningful use of health information technology: a guide for physicians to the EHR incentive programs. Archives of internal medicine, 172(9), pp.731-736. Murdoch, T.B. and Detsky, A.S., 2013. The inevitable application of big data to health care. Jama, 309(13), pp.1351-1352. Page, T., 2013. Smartphone Technology, Consumer Attachment and Mass Customisation. International Journal of Green Computing (IJGC), 4(2), pp.38-57. Sheikh, A., Sood, H.S. and Bates, D.W., 2015. Leveraging health information technology to achieve the triple aim of healthcare reform. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association, 22(4), pp.849-856. Skillman, S.M., Andrilla, C.H.A., Patterson, D.G., Fenton, S.H. and Ostergard, S.J., 2015. Health information technology workforce needs of rural primary care practices. The Journal of Rural Health, 31(1), pp.58-66. Stevens, L. and Rancourt, J., 2014. Health information technology can make disasters seem like business as usual. Annals of emergency medicine, 63(4), pp.425-427.

United States Expansionism 1790s- 1860s Essays - Cherokee Nation

United States Expansionism: 1790s- 1860s United States Expansionism: 1790s- 1860s The major American aspiration during the 1790s through the 1860s was westward expansion. Americans looked to the western lands as an opportunity for large amounts of free land, for growth of industry, and manifest destiny. This hunger for more wealth and property, led Americans conquer lands that were rightfully someone else's. Manifest destiny and westward expansion brought many problematic issues to the Unites States verses the Indians that took the Americans to the Civil War. The first issue that arose for the Americans, was where to put the existing Indians while they conquered their land. The United States felt that the Indians needed to be secluded from all other races so that they would become civilized. This Indian Territory was where eastern Indian tribes such as the Kickapoos, Delawares, and Shawnees lived. As the population of Americans increased in the western sector of the United States, they also invaded that land specially allotted for the Indians. Instead of moving the Americans out of the Indian Territory, the government minimized the size of Indian Territory by half. Now the Northern half was open for white settlement. As for the western Indians, such as the Sioux, Cheyenne, and Arapahos, American settlers went around them to settle the California and Oregon. The Americans decided to stay away from further conflict with the native Americans because they knew they were unable to move them away from their land. Americans continued their western movement and put forth their domination over the Indians. The first step the United States took in claiming this new land for them was by establishing a land system. The Land Ordinance of 1785 established an orderly way to divide up and sell the new lands of the Western United States. Shortly after, the Northwest Ordinance of 1787 set up a system of government for the land north of the Ohio River. Slavery was outlawed in the five states that made up the Northwest Territory, and no self-government was to be set up until at least five thousand free white men were in the territory. The next step the Americans took had to do with forcing the Indians off their land. They managed to trick the Indians by making treaties with them. The Indians were practically forced to agree with the treaties. Most Americans didn't even keep their promises. For example, in the Treaty of Fort Stanwiz of 1784 and the Treaty of Fort McIntosh of 1785, the Iroquois and other Ohio Indians were forced to give a portion of their land to the United States. The U. S. then proceeded to divide up this land, but settlers could not buy any of it until 1788. Many Americans became restless and decided to go in and settle these lands illegally, not honoring their treaty with the Indians. These treaties were the only way the United States was going to be allowed to legally take over the Indian lands with the agreement of the Indians. This new recognition and use of treaties fell under the Indian Intercourse Act of 1790. This was a form of written documentation that allowed the ceding of land to be possible through the treaties. Americans, however, did not honor their agreement with the Indians, and in the future, some tribes used this against the government in trying to regain the land that was taken from them illegally. These treaties also led to Indian resistance and increasing difficulties with the native peoples. As Thomas Jefferson took over the Presidency in 1801, he was determined to civilize the Indians. He planned to take over the land in a peaceful manner. In return, the Americans shared with the Indians their civilized way of living. Jefferson's goal was to educate the Indians and convert them to Christianity. He did this in hopes that the two cultures would be able to co-exist. However, his planned failed and continuous problems arose between the Americans and the Indians. The United States also managed to gain three million acres of Delaware and Potawatomi land in Indiana through the Treaty of Fort Wayne. Because these people had established an alliance with the Northwest Confederation tribes, Tecumseh, the leader, proclaimed this treaty invalid because one tribe could speak for the rest. This belief led to great resistance, by the Indians, to further expansion and disagreement with the U. S. government. In 1822, Tecumseh gathered Indian warriors to attack American soldiers, led by William henry Harrison. This attack was a failure for the Indian cause and both sides suffered casualties. However, the Indians managed to scare the United States. The British were

The Factorial (!) in Mathematics and Statistics

The Factorial (!) in Mathematics and Statistics In mathematics, symbols that have certain meanings in the English language can mean very specialized and different things. For example, consider the following expression: 3! No, we did not use the exclamation point to show that we’re excited about three, and we shouldn’t read the last sentence with emphasis. In mathematics, the expression 3! is read as three factorial and is really a shorthand way to denote the multiplication of several consecutive whole numbers. Since there are many places throughout mathematics and statistics where we need to multiply numbers together, the factorial is quite useful. Some of the main places where it shows up are combinatorics and probability calculus. Definition The definition of the factorial is that for any positive whole number n, the factorial: n! n x (n -1) x (n - 2) x . . . x 2 x 1 Examples for Small Values First we will look at a few examples of the factorial with small values of n: 1! 12! 2 x 1 23! 3 x 2 x 1 64! 4 x 3 x 2 x 1 245! 5 x 4 x 3 x 2 x 1 1206! 6 x 5 x 4 x 3 x 2 x 1 7207! 7 x 6 x 5 x 4 x 3 x 2 x 1 50408! 8 x 7 x 6 x 5 x 4 x 3 x 2 x 1 403209! 9 x 8 x 7 x 6 x 5 x 4 x 3 x 2 x 1 36288010! 10 x 9 x 8 x 7 x 6 x 5 x 4 x 3 x 2 x 1 3628800 As we can see the factorial gets very large very quickly. Something that may seem small, such as 20! actually has 19 digits. Factorials are easy to compute, but they can be somewhat tedious to calculate. Fortunately, many calculators have a factorial key (look for the ! symbol). This function of the calculator will automate the multiplications. A Special Case One other value of the factorial  and one for which the standard definition above does not hold is that of zero factorial. If we follow the formula, then we would not arrive at any value for 0!. There are no positive whole numbers less than 0. For several reasons, it is appropriate to define 0! 1. The factorial for this value shows up particularly in the formulas for combinations and permutations. More Advanced Calculations When dealing with calculations, it is important to think before we press the factorial key on our calculator. To calculate an expression such as 100!/98! there are a couple of different ways of going about this. One way is to use a calculator to find both 100! and 98!, then divide one by the other. Although this is a direct way to calculate, it has some difficulties associated with it. Some calculators cannot handle expressions as large as 100! 9.33262154 x 10157. (The expression 10157 is a scientific notation that means that we multiply by 1 followed by 157 zeros.) Not only is this number massive, but it is also only an estimate to the real value of 100! Another way to simplify an expression with factorials like the one seen here does not require a calculator at all. The way to approach this problem is to recognize that we can rewrite 100! not as 100 x 99 x 98 x 97 x . . . x 2 x 1, but instead as 100 x 99 x 98! The expression 100!/98! now becomes (100 x 99 x 98!)/98! 100 x 99 9900.

As Ict

txt, haway_practice. txt This scenario should be used for the purposes of preparing candidates for the examination. This copy must not be taken into the examination. The information contained in the scenario will be included in the examination paper. Further details are in the Instructions of the Conduct of Examinations (ICE), available from the Edexcel website for this qualification. Edexcel will not accept any request for special consideration should candidates be given the incorrect scenario for the examination they are sitting. Turn over W41049A Â ©2013 Pearson Education Ltd. 6/ *W41049A* Scenario Havering Whitecaps Maddy Wright and Katy Parrish have supported Havering Whitecaps since their boyfriends played for the team. Their boyfriends’ careers and the teenage romances are now very much in the past but their support of the team remains as strong as ever. Until 15 years ago the Whitecaps were a struggling non-league team with little support. There were times, on wet and cold November afternoons, when Maddy and Katy were the only supporters. In 1999 a magical thing happened to the Whitecaps. At that time the team’s position, both in football terms and financially, was perilous to say the least. However, a financial backer appeared in the form of Harold Adenyi. Harold had studied at the local college and even played a few games for the Whitecaps. His progress as a footballer was hampered by a lack of ability. He gave up on a career as a footballer to concentrate on what he was good at, which was IT and mathematics. He made a large amount of money by creating an online accountancy website called lesstax. com. Harold was looking for things he could offset against a huge tax bill and a loss-making football club seemed to be a good start. He bought the Whitecaps from the previous owners for ? 1 and immediately started to spend money on it. Harold’s flair for business meant that the loss-making football club did not stay loss-making for long. Harold signed a talented former football league manager and with his advice, spent money on players who all turned out to be good investments. The way the manager had the team playing soon started to increase its fan base, so Harold built a new stadium. The team continued to be successful and the new stadium was soon filled at every match, putting the club on a healthy financial footing. Financial success and playing success went hand-in-hand and, in 2001, Havering Whitecaps was elected to the Football League. After a few seasons, when the Whitecaps struggled to establish themselves, there followed a eriod of gradual success including promotion to the 1st Division and two years later the Championship. Last season the Whitecaps won the Championship and are currently looking forward to their first season in the Premier League. Throughout this period of development, Maddy and Katy have been screaming encouraging words to their team (and the occasional discouraging one to the opposition) and they have hardly missed a match. It was inevitable that as the Whitecaps’ two most dedicated supporters they would become the chairman and secretary of the supporters’ club. One of their main tasks is to organise away trips for fans. This involves buying the tickets, booking the coaches and deciding what to charge for the ticket and transport packages. With 14,678 registered supporters, organising the away trips is not an easy task. With the possibility of over 400 coaches travelling to an away match, the number of transport firms the pair could use was limited. Since the Whitecaps were promoted to the Championship Maddy and Katy have used ‘Rubicon Transport’ whose rates are reasonable and who can supply enough coaches on a match day. 2 W41049A Rubicon charge a fixed sum of ? 350 per coach, plus a ? 1. 50 fuel surcharge for every 100 miles travelled. In addition, Rubicon’s regulations state that a driver cannot be in charge of the coach for more than 9 hours a day. Should the whole trip last more than 9 hours (including the match time) a second driver would be required. There is a charge of ? 75 for the second driver. Premier League ticket prices vary greatly and Maddy has been quoted a range of prices varying between ? 30 and ? 54 by the Premier League clubs. Maddy and Katy do not need to make an overall profit. Their main aim is to get as many fans as possible to away matches. Although they can afford to make a loss on individual trips, they cannot afford to make a loss overall. Therefore an accurate prediction of the number of people who will want to go to a particular match is vital. They are also aware that more people will want to go to some matches than others. To help find out how many people are likely to go to each match they ran an online survey. This was completed by 94% of their registered supporters. To make data analysis easier, Katy has classified the teams as shown in the table. EG Teams fighting for European glory MT Mid-table teams RD Teams likely to be involved in the relegation dogfight PR Newly promoted teams In addition to the classification of the team, she found that other things affect the number of people likely to go to away matches. Fewer people would go if the match was played on a weekday rather than a Saturday (or Sunday). The longer the travelling time, the fewer supporters were prepared to travel. Finally, the overall cost of the package would discourage some from attending certain matches. W41049A 3 Turn over Description of the model Maddy and Katy have to be as accurate as they can when setting the prices as they don’t need to make a profit but cannot afford to make a loss. Maddy and Katy need a model to help them decide on prices. Therefore, Maddy has persuaded her brother Kieran, who works in IT, to create a model. Kieran wanted to make the model reusable so that he could sell it to other supporters’ clubs. Unfortunately, before he could finish the model, the company Kieran worked for sent him to Dubai on a three-year contract. Maddy has asked you to complete the model and use it to suggest prices for the next season’s away matches. Kieran has left you these notes. Worksheet Description Teams This is the worksheet that will be used to set the package prices. I have listed the teams in the Premier League along with Katy’s classifications. For ease of viewing I have included information from other worksheets and have calculated the total costs, revenue and profit. There is a profit for each trip and a total profit for the season. The worksheet will also calculate the total number of supporters going to away matches. Cell B2 contains a drop-down box to choose the team you support. Fixtures This worksheet is a calculated page which lists the dates of the home and away fixtures. Lookups This worksheet contains a number of lookup tables. There are two blank areas, these will contain the fixture information provided by the Premier League. There are other tables to look up the day of the week, the likely support based on the teams’ classification, the number of registered supporters and the ticket costs for the various clubs. Distances, Times These worksheets contain the distances between the grounds and the average times it would take a coach to travel those journeys. I got these from a very helpful man at the RAC. Customer This worksheet is incomplete. Once completed it will predict the number of supporters who would travel to each away match. This is based on the number of registered supporters and then adjusted according to the home team classification, then package price and finally the travel time. I haven’t finished the analysis of the survey yet so I cannot put in formulae to take into account the travelling time and the overall cost. A friend of mine is doing the analysis for me and he will forward the results to you as soon as he has them. Transport In this worksheet I calculate how many coaches are needed, the cost per coach and the overall transport cost for the trip. Transport Rates In this worksheet I have entered the transport rates as quoted by Rubicon Transport. I hope you find it easy to understand my notes. Good luck completing it. Kieran Wright 4 W41049A Some cells in the model are password protected. Should you wish to experiment with the model, the password is edexcel. Be aware that if you change the contents of any protected cell the model may not work. Please note that the Football League and Premier League referred to in this scenario are fictitious. W41049A 5 As Ict txt, haway_practice. txt This scenario should be used for the purposes of preparing candidates for the examination. This copy must not be taken into the examination. The information contained in the scenario will be included in the examination paper. Further details are in the Instructions of the Conduct of Examinations (ICE), available from the Edexcel website for this qualification. Edexcel will not accept any request for special consideration should candidates be given the incorrect scenario for the examination they are sitting. Turn over W41049A Â ©2013 Pearson Education Ltd. 6/ *W41049A* Scenario Havering Whitecaps Maddy Wright and Katy Parrish have supported Havering Whitecaps since their boyfriends played for the team. Their boyfriends’ careers and the teenage romances are now very much in the past but their support of the team remains as strong as ever. Until 15 years ago the Whitecaps were a struggling non-league team with little support. There were times, on wet and cold November afternoons, when Maddy and Katy were the only supporters. In 1999 a magical thing happened to the Whitecaps. At that time the team’s position, both in football terms and financially, was perilous to say the least. However, a financial backer appeared in the form of Harold Adenyi. Harold had studied at the local college and even played a few games for the Whitecaps. His progress as a footballer was hampered by a lack of ability. He gave up on a career as a footballer to concentrate on what he was good at, which was IT and mathematics. He made a large amount of money by creating an online accountancy website called lesstax. com. Harold was looking for things he could offset against a huge tax bill and a loss-making football club seemed to be a good start. He bought the Whitecaps from the previous owners for ? 1 and immediately started to spend money on it. Harold’s flair for business meant that the loss-making football club did not stay loss-making for long. Harold signed a talented former football league manager and with his advice, spent money on players who all turned out to be good investments. The way the manager had the team playing soon started to increase its fan base, so Harold built a new stadium. The team continued to be successful and the new stadium was soon filled at every match, putting the club on a healthy financial footing. Financial success and playing success went hand-in-hand and, in 2001, Havering Whitecaps was elected to the Football League. After a few seasons, when the Whitecaps struggled to establish themselves, there followed a eriod of gradual success including promotion to the 1st Division and two years later the Championship. Last season the Whitecaps won the Championship and are currently looking forward to their first season in the Premier League. Throughout this period of development, Maddy and Katy have been screaming encouraging words to their team (and the occasional discouraging one to the opposition) and they have hardly missed a match. It was inevitable that as the Whitecaps’ two most dedicated supporters they would become the chairman and secretary of the supporters’ club. One of their main tasks is to organise away trips for fans. This involves buying the tickets, booking the coaches and deciding what to charge for the ticket and transport packages. With 14,678 registered supporters, organising the away trips is not an easy task. With the possibility of over 400 coaches travelling to an away match, the number of transport firms the pair could use was limited. Since the Whitecaps were promoted to the Championship Maddy and Katy have used ‘Rubicon Transport’ whose rates are reasonable and who can supply enough coaches on a match day. 2 W41049A Rubicon charge a fixed sum of ? 350 per coach, plus a ? 1. 50 fuel surcharge for every 100 miles travelled. In addition, Rubicon’s regulations state that a driver cannot be in charge of the coach for more than 9 hours a day. Should the whole trip last more than 9 hours (including the match time) a second driver would be required. There is a charge of ? 75 for the second driver. Premier League ticket prices vary greatly and Maddy has been quoted a range of prices varying between ? 30 and ? 54 by the Premier League clubs. Maddy and Katy do not need to make an overall profit. Their main aim is to get as many fans as possible to away matches. Although they can afford to make a loss on individual trips, they cannot afford to make a loss overall. Therefore an accurate prediction of the number of people who will want to go to a particular match is vital. They are also aware that more people will want to go to some matches than others. To help find out how many people are likely to go to each match they ran an online survey. This was completed by 94% of their registered supporters. To make data analysis easier, Katy has classified the teams as shown in the table. EG Teams fighting for European glory MT Mid-table teams RD Teams likely to be involved in the relegation dogfight PR Newly promoted teams In addition to the classification of the team, she found that other things affect the number of people likely to go to away matches. Fewer people would go if the match was played on a weekday rather than a Saturday (or Sunday). The longer the travelling time, the fewer supporters were prepared to travel. Finally, the overall cost of the package would discourage some from attending certain matches. W41049A 3 Turn over Description of the model Maddy and Katy have to be as accurate as they can when setting the prices as they don’t need to make a profit but cannot afford to make a loss. Maddy and Katy need a model to help them decide on prices. Therefore, Maddy has persuaded her brother Kieran, who works in IT, to create a model. Kieran wanted to make the model reusable so that he could sell it to other supporters’ clubs. Unfortunately, before he could finish the model, the company Kieran worked for sent him to Dubai on a three-year contract. Maddy has asked you to complete the model and use it to suggest prices for the next season’s away matches. Kieran has left you these notes. Worksheet Description Teams This is the worksheet that will be used to set the package prices. I have listed the teams in the Premier League along with Katy’s classifications. For ease of viewing I have included information from other worksheets and have calculated the total costs, revenue and profit. There is a profit for each trip and a total profit for the season. The worksheet will also calculate the total number of supporters going to away matches. Cell B2 contains a drop-down box to choose the team you support. Fixtures This worksheet is a calculated page which lists the dates of the home and away fixtures. Lookups This worksheet contains a number of lookup tables. There are two blank areas, these will contain the fixture information provided by the Premier League. There are other tables to look up the day of the week, the likely support based on the teams’ classification, the number of registered supporters and the ticket costs for the various clubs. Distances, Times These worksheets contain the distances between the grounds and the average times it would take a coach to travel those journeys. I got these from a very helpful man at the RAC. Customer This worksheet is incomplete. Once completed it will predict the number of supporters who would travel to each away match. This is based on the number of registered supporters and then adjusted according to the home team classification, then package price and finally the travel time. I haven’t finished the analysis of the survey yet so I cannot put in formulae to take into account the travelling time and the overall cost. A friend of mine is doing the analysis for me and he will forward the results to you as soon as he has them. Transport In this worksheet I calculate how many coaches are needed, the cost per coach and the overall transport cost for the trip. Transport Rates In this worksheet I have entered the transport rates as quoted by Rubicon Transport. I hope you find it easy to understand my notes. Good luck completing it. Kieran Wright 4 W41049A Some cells in the model are password protected. Should you wish to experiment with the model, the password is edexcel. Be aware that if you change the contents of any protected cell the model may not work. Please note that the Football League and Premier League referred to in this scenario are fictitious. W41049A 5

Operations Management Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Operations Management Assignment - Essay Example The range of technologies used in the modern retail industries have been from softwares to hardwares. The new technologies require that they become fully integrated into the retail operations of the business for their benefits to be maximized. According to McGrane (2007, p. 50-53), some of the key technologies or technological areas within the range are as follows (McGrane 2007, p. 50-53; EPoS 2007; and Prater et al. 2005): Bar-coding/scanning technology/labelling. Bar-coding, scanning, and labelling technologies have been invented years ago but not all of the retail business operations are using them. Nevertheless, the technologies are expected to be available to business operators in the coming years and there are widespread expectations that the technologies will be improved further and will become in more popular use as we go through current decade (McGrane 2007, p. 52). â€Å"Scanners are getting smarter† and â€Å"self-scanning will continue to grow† (McGrane 2007 , p. 52). The new technologies include a touch screen display, barcode scanner, weighing scales, credit card reader, cash reader and deposit unit. Wireless technologies are even being developed for bar-coding and scanning, making possible for inventory and sales monitoring and sales transaction remotely from the goods that are the subject of a transaction. Epos software & hardware. EPoS systems or Electronic Point of Sale Systems provide a way of dealing with customers that is fast and efficient because they can do calculations or total, issue receipts, keep track of inventories, and monitor sales as the sales transaction is being completed (EPoS 2010). Further, the EPoS systems can also keep track of customer information thereby enhancing the seller’s capabilities to execute customer relation management (EPoS 2010). Moreover, the EPoS systems can also directly interface with the credit card system thereby accessing more information on customers and enhancing the ability of t he firm to conduct follow-up sales and strengthen its relationship with customers (EPoS 2010). Simultaneously, the EPoS system can also identify which products are not doing well in the market (EPoS 2010) thereby enhancing a business firm’s ability to make crucial business decisions on what products lines and brands to carry. EPoS systems can make transactions faster and they can be customized to a specific business environment (EPoS 2010). Changing prices, data, quantity and other variables are easy (EPoS 2010). EPoS systems can be operated through keyboards or PDAs or personal digital assistant (EPoS 2010). The systems were designed to be powerful and yet very simple for the business staff to learn and use (EPoS 2010). On the other hand, the EPoS system requires maintenance and backups (EPoS 2010). Data can be backed up off site using another party or service company (EPoS 2010). The backup system must cover â€Å"historical backups† in that one can go back to an old er backup if the most recent backup is corrupted (EPoS 2010). Periodic updates are necessary and businesses using the latest retail technologies may want to have in-house capabilities to do backups. This also implies that somebody in business must focus himself or herself in data security. Wireless hardwares,